Drug diazepam

Drug diazepam

Drug diazepam:

Drug: drug means medicine that has a physiological effect happen when ingested or introduced to the body.

Diazepam: Diazepam is first marketed as valium, is considered a medicine of the benzodiazepine class of medications. And one of the best sellers medicine in this pharmacological class.

Drug diazepam uses:

Drug diazepam has many indications you can use for it under the supervision of your doctors.

For examples:

• Anxiety: as antianxiety in acute and severe cases.
• Seizure: can be used alone or in combination with other medications.
• Alcohol withdrawal symptoms.
• Intoxication: the intoxication of certain substances like cocaine and sympathomimetics drugs.
• Serotonin syndrome.
• Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine toxicity.
• Neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
• Muscle spasm, spasticity, and rigidity.

Drug diazepam adverse effect:

Before starting the use of diazepam your doctor will discuss with you the adverse effect that may happen during a treatment course.

This adverse effect if happen with you refers to your doctor deciding to continue or stop use diazepam.

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Common adverse effects:

• Dizziness and drowsiness.
• Slurred speech.
• Blurred vision.
• Abdominal pain.
• Muscle weakness.
• Memory loss.
• Dry mouth.
• Respiratory depression.
• Impaired motor mobility.
• Nasal congestion.
• Difficulty in urination.
• Skin rash, urticaria, pruritis.
• Allergic reaction and hypersensitivity.
• Elevated liver function enzyme.
• Nasal congestion.

Drug diazepam warning and precautions:

There is a list of medical conditions that have a concern to use diazepam in these situations and need to discuss with your doctor.

Examples of these conditions:

• Respiratory depression and other respiratory disorders.
• Severe hepatic impairment.
• Severe renal impairment.
• Hypersensitivity and allergic reactions to benzodiazepine group.
• Narrow angle-glaucoma.
• Abuse, misuse may cause physical dependence.
• Use other sedative medications with diazepam increases sedative effects.

From these conditions, some conditions are absolute contraindicated to use diazepam:

• History of allergic reaction with diazepam.
• If you have sleep apnea.
• If you suffer from respiratory depression or other respiratory disorders.
• If you have hepatic dysfunction.
• If you have narrow-angle glaucoma.
• If you have an autoimmune disease called myasthenia gravis disease which causes severe muscle weakness.
• If you are pregnant or planning.

Drug diazepam overdose:

Drug diazepam overdose means if you are treated with diazepam for a long duration and high dose, accidentally ingestion of high dose, or use concomitant medications increase the effect of diazepam due to interaction between them.

Signs and symptoms of overdose:

• Upset stomach.
• Low blood pressure.
• Respiratory depression.

Management of diazepam overdose:

• Maintain a clear airway.
• Treat hypotension (low blood pressure).
• Using activated charcoal.
• Monitoring of conscious level.
• Using activated charcoal.
• Use antidote: flumazenil (antagonize diazepam effect).

Drug diazepam misuse, abuse, and physical dependence:

Long-term use of diazepam with high doses leads to physical dependence.

Your doctor will adjust the dose for you and keep following with him until discontinuing diazepam.

Never stop diazepam suddenly or without refer to your doctor.

Withdrawal symptoms of diazepam:

• Headache
• Muscle pain, ang rigidity.
• Hypersensitivity, allergic reaction.
• Numbness and tingling of extremities.

Management of withdrawal symptoms:

In patients receiving extended or high doses of diazepam, you should tapper the total daily dose gradually under the supervision of your doctor.

Never stop diazepam suddenly.

Monitoring parameters you need to follow up during treatment by diazepam:

Keep watching the following:

• Heart rate.
• Respiratory rate.
• Blood pressure.
• Mental status.
• Complete blood count.
• Liver function test.

Call your doctor immediately if you feel:

• Increase severity of anxiety.
• Trouble sleeping.
• Panic attacks.
• Change in behavior and moods.
• Thoughts about suicide.
• Excessive increase in activity and talking.

You should not do the following once start diazepam:

• You should not drive.
• You should not operate machinery.
• You should not take other sedative medications.
• You should not discontinue diazepam suddenly.
• You should not drink alcohol.
• Never to used diazepam if you are pregnant.
• Never use diazepam if you are breastfeeding.
• You should not use diazepam for a long duration.
• Never use diazepam if you age over 56years.
• Never advise anyone to use diazepam without doctor consultation.

Concern about the use of diazepam in a special group of populations:

• Elderly: use is contraindicated at age over 65 years, otherwise use with the lowest effective dose which may increase gradually.
• Pregnancy: absolute contraindicated to use diazepam in pregnancy or planning as their adverse effects on the fetus.
• Breastfeeding: diazepam secreted in milk so avoid use during breastfeeding.
• Psychotic: diazepam is contraindicated in the psychotic patient.
• Pediatric: never use diazepam in the pediatric population at age below 6months otherwise use under the supervision of a doctor in a specific dose.

Food and drink should avoid using with diazepam:

• Alcohol: as alcohol has a sedative effect that will increase by diazepam so a concomitant use should be avoided.
• Grapefruits: drinking or eating grapefruits interact with diazepam, increase its effectiveness and adverse effects.

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