Does diazepam lower blood pressure?

 Does diazepam lower blood pressure is an important question, you will find the answer by reading this topic.

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What is blood pressure?

Blood pressure is the pressure force blood in the circulatory system to deliver nutrient and oxygen to tissues and organs, not only that role but to remove toxic waste products pf metabolism including carbon dioxide that exhale with every breath and toxin that clear through liver and kidney.

What is the normal range of blood pressure?

The normal blood pressure range should be less than 120 systolic pressure, 80 diastolic pressure, regardless of your age you need to keep your pressure at this level.

How to measure blood pressure?

• A sphygmomanometer is a device we use to measure blood pressure, it consists of a rubber armband-the cuff that is inflated by hand, inflated until no blood can flow. Then the air is let out.
• The reading is expressed in terms of millimeters of mercury, abbreviated to mmHg.

How to keep your blood pressure under control and healthy?

There are few tips to keep your blood pressure under control without medication:

1. Weight loss is one of the most effective lifestyle modifications to control your blood pressure.
2. Physical activity and regular exercise: 30 minutes per day can lower blood pressure by about 5-8 mm Hg.

Example of aerobic exercise that helps you:

• Walking
• Cycling
• Swimming
• Jogging
• Dancing

3. Eat a healthy diet: diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy products and skimps on saturated fat and cholesterol.
4. Reduce sodium in your diet: small reduction in sodium in your diet has a great effect in reducing your elevated blood pressure.
5. Limit alcohol intake
6. Quit smoking: Quitting smoking can reduce your risk of heart disease and improve your overall health.
7. Reduce your stress: avoiding stress triggers and make time to relax will help you.
8. Regularly monitor your blood pressure and visit your doctor if you cannot control it.
9. Cut back on caffeine: effect of caffeine on elevated blood pressure does not clear till now, talk to your doctor about the effect of caffeine on your blood pressure.

What is diazepam?

Diazepam: is a medicine of the benzodiazepines family, commonly used for treating the following condition:

• Anxiety disorder
• Muscle spasm
• Alcohol withdrawal symptom
• Insomnia
• Restless leg syndrome
• Seizures

  How can you take diazepam?

You can take diazepam by:

• Mouth
• inserted to the rectum.
• Injected into muscle.
• Injected into a vein.
• Nasal spray

Warning and precautions:

• An allergic reaction may occur when using diazepam, this reaction includes swelling of lips, tongue, and face.
• Respiratory depression especially when used with opioids.
• Sedation: you must be cautioned about performing a task that requires mental alertness (e.g., driving, operating machinery).
• Hepatic impairment: oral tablet is contraindicated in patients with severe hepatic impairments.
• Renal impairment: Use with caution.
• Glaucoma
• Abuse, misuse may lead to physical dependence.

Side effect:

• Diarrhea
• Muscle weakness.
• Respiratory depression.
• Urinary retention.
• Blurred vision.
• Abdominal pain.
• Change in salivation.

Drug-drug interaction:

Many medications may affect the efficacy of diazepam if it is used concomitant with diazepam.

Effect of diazepam may decrease by:

• Tocilizumab
• Theophylline derivatives.

Drugs should be avoided in concomitant use with diazepam:

• Fusidic acid (systemic).
• Metronidazole (systemic).

Does diazepam lower blood pressure?

Does diazepam lower blood pressure is a good question, as it is known that benzodiazepine has a hypotensive effect.

What is hypotension?

It is a drop in blood pressure, may cause the following symptom:

• Clammy skin.
• Blurred vision.

Many studies have shown that there was a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure after the administration of diazepam.

But the mechanism is still not known.

One of these studies answered the question does diazepam lower blood pressure?

A total of 30 subjects were included in the analysis of this study, and Aim was to assess the effects of evening chronic administration of diazepam on 24-hour blood pressure and heart rate in healthy young adults.

By the end of the study, the results show that there was a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure, were observed in the morning hours.

Things must not do when you take diazepam:

1. Do not drive or operate machinery until you know how diazepam affects you.
2. Do not take diazepam for a longer time than your doctor has prescribed.
3. Do not stop taking diazepam or lower the dose without first checking your doctor.
4. Do not suddenly stop taking diazepam if you suffer from a seizure.
5. Do not give diazepam to anyone else even if their symptoms seem like yours.
6. Be careful if you are elderly, drinking alcohol, or taking other medications.

Omeprazole and Diazepam

Diazepam and Propranolol

Diazepam and pregnancy

Diazepam and Propranolol

Diazepam and propranolol are two different drugs that can be used for the same purpose which is treating anxiety.

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They are also used for other reasons.

Diazepam and propranolol can be used individually and in combination with each other.

Using them in combination increases the effect of diazepam being more effective in treating anxiety than diazepam on its own.

So, let’s get to know diazepam and propranolol.

Family, uses, and indications:

Propranolol is from a drug family called beta-blockers, which are usually used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure) and heart problems, and used off-label in treating anxiety, and diazepam belongs to a drug family called benzodiazepines, a family used to treat anxiety.

So, diazepam and propranolol are common in treating anxiety.

Propranolol and beta-blockers are used for the physical symptoms (symptoms occurring to the body) of anxiety-like fast heart rate, chest tightness, and sweating, they are not related to the psychological and emotional symptoms like worrying and stress feeling.

Diazepam and benzodiazepines cause sedation, but they can be taken during acute bouts of anxiety and panic attacks, relieving stress and worry.

How do diazepam and propranolol work?

Beta-blockers and propranolol block certain neurotransmitters called epinephrine and norepinephrine, which help in dilating blood vessels, and decreasing heart rate and blood pressure.

Benzodiazepines and diazepam work by enhancing the activity of certain neurotransmitters called GABA (Gama Amino-butyric acid) that produces a calming effect on the brain and nerves.

Side effects:

There are common side effects between diazepam and propranolol and uncommon ones.

Common side effects are diarrhea, rash, blurred vision, diplopia (double vision), insomnia (sleeping problem), muscle spasms and stiffness, and fatigue.

The uncommon side effects of propranolol different from diazepam are stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting, disorientation (loss of sense of direction), hair loss, weakness, sexual dysfunction.

Uncommon side effects of diazepam different from propranolol are drowsiness, euphoria (intense excitement and happiness), loss of balance, excitability due to paradoxical reactions, rage, confusion, and speech problems.

Withdrawal symptoms:

Diazepam and propranolol are common in another aspect, both of them should not be stopped suddenly, they must be withdrawn gradually or they may cause withdrawal symptoms.

Propranolol may cause withdrawal symptoms like heart attacks, worsened chest pain (angina), serious abnormal rhythm of the heart, or even sudden death.

Diazepam may also cause withdrawal symptoms, especially after long use, like insomnia, headaches, nausea, vomiting, lightheadedness, sweating, anxiety, fatigue, and seizures.

Warning: Diazepam may cause dependency and addiction, especially when using high doses for a long duration, also a trigger effect when you have a history of abuse or addiction to any drugs or alcohol.

Drug-drug interactions with diazepam and propranolol:

Propranolol interactions

• Propranolol with thioridazine or chlorpromazine may cause a decrease in blood pressure (hypotension) and abnormal rhythms of the heart because they interfere with the elimination of propranolol and increase the concentration of the drug in the blood.
• Combination with clonidine may cause a dangerous increase in blood pressure, that’s why close monitoring should be done after the starting or stopping of the concurrent use of clonidine and propranolol, as stopping them suddenly may also cause an increase in blood pressure.
• Phenobarbital and similarities increase the breaking and blood levels of propranolol which may reduce the effectiveness of the drug.
• Aspirin and NSAIDs (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) may reduce the effects of propranolol by reducing the effects of prostaglandins that help in controlling the blood pressure.
• Propranolol elongates hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) and masks the symptoms in diabetic patients.

Diazepam interactions

• CNS (Central Nervous System) depressants that cause sedation to increase the sedative effects of diazepam, alcohol can cause the same effects.
• Drugs that inhibit the liver enzymes responsible for eliminating diazepam and causing prolongation of their effects, their doses may be decreased if concomitantly used like:
• cimetidine
• ketoconazole
• itraconazole
• omeprazole
• erythromycin
• clarithromycin
• darunavir
• fluvoxamine
• fluoxetine
• On the opposite, drugs increasing the elimination of diazepam by liver enzymes and decreasing the levels of diazepam, like carbamazepine, rifampin, and St. John’s wort.

Warnings and precautions:

• Before taking propranolol, you have to tell your doctor if you have:
• Asthma
• Bradycardia (very slow heartbeats)
• Sick sinus syndrome (a serious heart condition) or another heart problem called AV block (a condition that needs a pacemaker)
• Muscle disorder
• Breathing problems like bronchitis or emphysema
• Diabetes or low blood pressure
• Congestive heart failure
• Depression
• Liver or kidney problems
• A thyroid disorder
• A condition caused by a tumor of the adrenal gland called pheochromocytoma
• Raynaud’s syndrome (circulation problem)

Before taking diazepam, you have to tell your doctor if you have:

• Myasthenia gravis (a condition causing weakness of muscles)
• A severe breathing problem
• Sleep apnea (breathing stops for a short period during sleep)
• Eye problems like narrow-angle glaucoma or uncontrolled open-angle glaucoma
• Severe liver diseases

The combination between diazepam and propranolol may be effective due to increasing the medical effects of diazepam but also should be taken with care as the side effects also may increase.

Diazepam and Tramadol

Diazepam and Asthma

Omeprazole and Diazepam

Diazepam and Asthma

Diazepam and asthma can be discussed from two points of view,

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one is the use of Diazepam in respiratory failure associated with Status Asthmaticus who need mechanical ventilation, the other point is that Diazepam and Asthma should be used with extreme caution as it may lead to apnea or cardiac arrest.

But first, before the discussion of the relationship between diazepam and asthma, we have to know about diazepam and asthma.

Asthma is a medical condition where the airways are narrow, swell, and produce extra mucus, which can cause breathing difficulties, triggering cough, and wheezing when breathing.

For some patients, Asthma may be a minor problem, and for others, it is a major problem, which interferes with the quality of life, and can lead to asthmatic attacks which can be life-threatening.

Asthma is a chronic medical condition that has no cure but can be controlled.

Symptoms:

Symptoms of Asthma differ from one patient to another.

They include,

• Short or shallow breathing
• Tightness or pain in the chest
• Wheezing with exhalation, which is especially common in children
• Shortness of breath, coughing, and wheezing can also interfere with your sleeping
• Cold and Flu worsens the coughing and wheezing attacks

Signs of worsened Asthma:

• More frequent signs and symptoms
• Breathing difficulties increase
• The use of a quick-relief inhaler is more frequent

Factors worsening Asthma:

• It may be worsened by exercise
• It may be increased by chemical fumes, gases, and dust
• It also may be increased by allergens like pollen grains, mold spores, cockroach wastes, and others

Asthma attacks can be deadly, always monitor your symptoms with your doctor to control the symptoms and avoid the worsening of them.

How about Diazepam?

Diazepam is one of the benzodiazepines family, that works by inducing the effect of some neurotransmitters in the brain which produces a calming effect.

It is used in treating anxiety disorders, alcohol withdrawal symptoms, muscle spasms and stiffness, and as adjunctive therapy in treating seizures.

It is also used in inducing sedation before having surgery or having an endoscopy.

According to our first point of view about Diazepam and Asthma, Diazepam is used in inducing sedation in the ICU (Intensive Care Unit) to put the patient on mechanical ventilation to treat the respiratory failure associated with Status Asthmaticus to help to restore ventilation and gas exchange.

Diazepam is given by a dosage of 0.2 – 0.3 mg/Kg every 1 – 3 hours.

Dosing and administration:

Diazepam is available in many dosage forms, tablets, oral solutions, rectal gels, injectable solutions, and intramuscular devices.

Oral solutions are only taken with the calibrated dropper coming with the drug, or with any special measuring device.

Don’t use the household spoons to avoid incorrect dosing.

If you are going to use the injectable methods, inspect the product for particulates, and for change in color before administration.

If you are using the intravenous injection, ensure there are facilities to assist respiration if needed.

Don’t use the small veins found in the hand or wrist, and inject it slowly for 1 minute for each 5 mg.

Storage:

When using the oral solution, throw the bottle after 90 days of opening.

Store it away from light.

Store it at a temperature between 68 and 77 degrees F.

Contraindications and precautions:

• If you experienced extreme hypersensitivity to diazepam or other benzodiazepines.
• When using the intravenous method, inject it very slowly, and don’t use small veins, to avoid venous thrombosis (a blood clot in the vein), phlebitis (inflammation of the vein), and irritation at the site of injection.
• Diazepam may cause depression and suicidal thoughts, if they already exist, they may be worsened by the use of diazepam, and so, you have to be monitored carefully if you are going to use diazepam or other anti-epileptic drugs.
• The doctor prescribes the smallest dose effective to reduce the risk of side effects and overdose.
• Activities requiring mental alertness should not be done when using drugs causing CNS (Central Nervous System) depression without understanding the effect of the drug on your mental alertness, activities like operating heavy machinery, and driving, as this may lead to bad falls, and dangerous accidents.
• Using diazepam with other CNS depressants such as opioids may cause severe side effects like profound sedation (unconsciousness where the patient can’t be awakened easily), respiratory depression, coma, and death.

The other point of view of Diazepam and Asthma, diazepam is not used in patients with severe respiratory problems and sleep apnea (Inability to breathe while sleeping for a short period), and used with extreme caution in patients with asthma, pneumonia, or neurologic damage as they may cause apnea (stop of breathing) or cardiac arrest.

So, diazepam is a life-saving drug when used when mechanical ventilation is needed to induce sedation in case of very severe status asthmaticus, and if it is going to be used with asthmatic patients, it should be used with extreme caution as it may cause severe side effects.